Bitumen

Bitumen is a black or dark-colored solid, semi-solid, or highly viscous liquid that can be found in different forms such as rock asphalt, natural bitumen, tar, and this product is derived from oil, which is referred to as petroleum bitumen.
Often coal tar that is derived from oil shale, wood, or other organic materials is confused with bitumen. However, they are two entirely chemically different products and should not be mistaken.
Bitumen is a low grade of crude oil that is composed of complex heavy hydrocarbons and a residue distillation tower refinery that is called Vacuum Bottom.
Most refined bitumen is used in the construction industry. Mainly, it serves its use in paving and roofing applications, most of all this product is used as a binder in asphalt for roads, runways, Airport, Dams, Pipe coating, Paints, pool waterproofing, cable coatings, and many other applications.
Gravel and crushed rock are mixed with thick bitumen, holding it together and it is then applied to roadways.